第三部分　阅读理解　(80分) 
Passage　1 
In　recent　years,　scientific　and　technological　developments　have　drastically　changed　human　life　on　our　planet,　as　well　as　our　views　both　of　ourselves　as　individuals　in　society　and　of　the　universe　as　a　whole.　Maybe　one　of　the　most　profound　developments　of　the　last　decade　is　the　discovery　of　recombinant　DNA　technology,　which　allows　scientists　to　introduce　genetic　(遗传学的)　material　(or　genes)　from　one　organism　into　another.　In　its　simplest　form,　the　technology　requires　the　isolation　of　a　piece　of　DNA,　either　directly　from　the　DNA　of　the　organism　under　study,　or　artificially　synthesized　from　an　DNA.　This　piece　of　DNA　is　then　ligated　(结扎)　to　a　fragment　of　bacterial　DNA　which　has　the　capacity　to　replicate　(复制)　itself　independently.　The　recombinant　molecule　thus　produced　can　be　introduced　into　the　common　intestinal　(内部的)　bacterium　Escherishchia　coli,　which　can　be　grown　in　very　large　amounts　in　synthetic　media.　Under　proper　conditions,　the　foreign　gene　will　not　only　replicate　in　the　bacteria,　but　also　express　itself,　through　the　process　of　transcription　and　translation,　to　give　rise　to　large　amounts　of　the　specific　protein　coded　by　the　foreign　gene. 
The　technology　has　already　been　successfully　applied　to　the　production　of　several　therapeutically　(疗法的)　important　biomolecules,　such　as,　growth　hormones,　interferon,　insulin. 
Many　other　important　applications　are　under　detailed　investigation　in　laboratories　throughout　the　world. 

21.　Recombinant　DNA　technology　consists　primarily　of　____________. 
○A.　producing　several　therapeutically　important　biomolecules 
○B.　giving　rise　to　large　amounts　of　protein 
○C.　introducing　genetic　material　from　one　organism　into　another 
○D.　using　a　viral　enzyme　called　reverse　transcriptase 


22.　Recombinant　DNA　technology　has　been　used　in　the　production　of　all　of　the　following　biomolecules　except　___________. 
○A.　growth　hormones 
○B.　Escherishchia　coli 
○C.　interferon 
○D.　insulin 


23.　Which　of　the　following　is　not　true? 
○A.　The　foreign　gene　will　replicate　in　the　bacteria,　but　it　will　not　express　itself　through　transcription　and　translation. 
○B.　The　bacterium　Escherishchia　coli　can　be　grown　in　large　amounts　in　synthetic　media. 
○C.　Research　continues　in　an　effort　to　find　other　uses　for　this　technology. 
○D.　Recombinant　DNA　technology　is　a　recent　development. 


24.　Expression　of　a　gene　in　Escherishchia　coli　requires　________. 
○A.　the　viral　enzyme　reverse　transcriptase 
○B.　the　processes　of　transcription　and　translation 
○C.　production　of　insulin　and　other　biomolecules 
○D.　that　the　bacteria　be　grown　in　a　synthetic　media 


25.　The　term　recombinant　is　used　because　___________. 
○A.　by　ligation,　a　recombinant　molecule　is　produced,　which　has　the　capacity　of　replication 
○B.　the　technique　requires　the　combination　of　several　types　of　technology 
○C.　by　ligation,　a　recombinant　protein　is　produced,　part　of　whose　amino　acids　come　from　different　organism 
○D.　Escherishchia　coli　is　a　recombinant　organism 

Passage　2
Watch　a　baby　between　six　and　nine　months　old,　and　you　will　observe　the　basic　concepts　of　geometry　being　learned.　Once　the　baby　has　mastered　the　idea　that　space　is　three　-　dimensional,　it　reaches　out　and　begins　grasping　various　kinds　of　objects.　It　is　then,　from　perhaps　nine　to　fifteen　months,　that　the　concepts　of　sets　and　numbers　are　formed.　So　far,　so　good.　But　now　ominous　(不祥的)　development　takes　place.　The　nerve　fibers　in　the　brain　insulate　(使隔离)　themselves　in　such　a　way　that　the　baby　begins　to　hear　sounds　very　precisely.　Soon　it　picks　up　language,　and　it　is　then　brought　into　direct　communication　with　adults.　From　this　point　on,　it　is　usually　downhill　all　the　way　for　mathematics,　because　the　child　now　becomes　exposed　to　all　the　nonsense　words　and　beliefs　of　the　community　into　which　it　has　been　so　unfortunate　as　to　have　been　born.　Nature　having　done　very　well　by　the　child　now　becomes　exposed　to　all　the　nonsense　words　and　beliefs　of　to　this　point,　having　permitted　it　the　luxury　of　thinking　for　itself　for　eighteen　months,　now　abandons　it　to　the　arbitrary　conventions　and　beliefs　of　society.　But　at　least　the　child　knows　something　of　geometry　and　numbers,　and　it　will　always　retain　some　memory　of　the　early　halcyon　(平静的)　days　no　matter　what　vicissitudes　(变化)　it　may　suffer　later　on.　The　main　reservoir　of　mathematical　talent　in　any　society　is　thus　possessed　by　children　who　are　about　two　years　old.　Children　who　have　just　learned　to　speak　fluently.

26.　What　does　the　passage　mainly　discuss?
○A.　The　impact　of　language　on　mathematics.
○B.　Children’s　ability　to　learn　languages.
○C.　How　basic　concepts　of　physics　

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